极区飞行法向量惯性导航算法原理

N-vector inertial navigation mechanization algorithm for transpolar aircraft

为克服经典力学编排方案在高纬度地区无法定位定向的问题,提出了以地球坐标系为导航坐标系的法向量惯性导航力学编排方案。该方案采用法向量代替传统的经纬度坐标表示水平位置,适合于全球范围内进行导航。推导了法向量导航误差方程,可用于组合导航算法设计,从而对惯导误差进行校正,满足全天候长航时的导航要求。通过仿真验证了法向量导航算法误差特性,证明了该方案可以满足飞机在极区飞行时的需要,解释了飞跃极点时导航定位误差跳变的原因。

The classical mechanization working could not confirm its position and heading in the circumpolar latitude area. For overcoming this problem, the normal vector inertial navigation basing on earth-fixed frame is presented. This approach uses a normal vector instead of latitude/longitude to finish updating of position. It could achieve navigation requirement world-wide. The n-vector mechanization error equations are derived, which can be used in the design of integrated navigation systems. The simulation could test and verify the error characteristics of n-vector mechanization. The n-vector mechanization offers the solution to transpolar aircraft. The reason of the navigation error saltation near the pole area is explained.