政治体制改革与政治建设:理解中国政治发展的主线

Political Restructuring and Political Construction:Understanding the Logic of Chinese Political Development

政治发展就是要重新摆置政党、国家与社会之间的关系序列,不同的摆置方式形成了不同的政治发展模式。近代社会历史条件,政党承担国家建设的历史重任,而政党在国家建设过程中,其组织、制度和文化等全面嵌入国家之中。改革开放以来,中国政治发展的实现途径是政治体制改革和政治建设,构成中国政治发展的主线。前者针对全能政治不适应市场经济和现代民主社会的部分,通过做减法的形式予以逐步调整与割除,为经济体制改革松绑,重新赋予社会活力,构建现代国家作为经济与社会发展的制度条件。政治建设则是从正面回应市场经济与社会成长的现实背景,以问题为导向,积极构建与创新政治体系,为市场经济和社会成长创造制度条件,使政治发展更加理性化、文明化。

The development means to arrange the order of party, state and society properly and different arrangements form different political development models. The political party took on the responsibility of nation building due to the conditions of modern china. Since the reform and opening-up polices, political restructuring and political construction are the main line of Chinese political development. The former eliminates the key components that are incompatible with the market economy and democratic society, liberalizes the economic system and reinvigorates the society. Because of the growth of market economy and civil society, political construction innovates the political system, creates the institutional conditions for market and civil society, makes the political development more rational and civilized.