城乡二元结构的存续与转换——基于城乡一体化公共性向度

The Continuity and Conversion of Urban-rural Dual Structure——Based on the Dimension of Urban-rural Integrated Publicity

城市公共性侧重于"公性",农村公共性偏向于"共性",由此,中国形成城乡两个不同的利益共同体。虽然改革开放后国家不断推进城乡协调发展,居村农民和进城农民生存状况明显改善,但由于针对城乡二元结构的制度改革存在公共性缺失,制度的非帕累托改进未能消解城乡二元结构。城乡二元结构在当前有维护农村弱势群体的生存权的作用,然而,由于它偏离公共性本质,对城镇化、现代化发展的消极影响更大,必须终结城乡二元结构。城乡二元结构向城乡一体化结构转换离不开城乡一体化公共性支持,需要从城乡对接、城乡统一、城乡均衡、城乡共同理性等方面进行建构。

City publicity focuses on its "state" while the rural publicity has the preference for "collectivity". As a result, two different interest communities in the urban and rural areas in China have been formed.After the reform and opening, the State continues to promote the coordinated development in urban and rural areas, making living conditions of farmers in villages and famers in cities significantly improved, but nonPareto improvement has failed to eliminate the urban-rural dual structure due to the lack of publicity of the institutional reform. Urban-rural dual structure is in favor of the existence right of rural vulnerable groups;however, it must be ended due to the deviation from the essence of publicity and the negative impact on the development of urbanization and modernization. The transition from urban-rural dual structure to urban-rural integrated structure is based on the support from the latter one, so constructing its transformation needs to be combined with the docking, unity, balance and common rationality between urban and rural areas.