“全球英国”:脱欧后英国的外交选择

The Vision of a “Global Britain” in the Post-Brexit Era

2016年6月英国公投决定退出欧盟以来，英国逐渐发展出“全球英国”对外政策以处理脱欧后与非欧盟国家的关系。“全球英国”政策旨在重新塑造英国的世界大国形象、维护二战后的自由主义国际秩序以及促进全球范围内的自由贸易。“全球英国”政策主要由发展英美特殊关系、英国和英联邦国家关系以及英国和主要新兴经济体关系三部分组成。“全球英国”政策的对美部分旨在巩固自由主义价值观、强化英美军事政治同盟，促进英美贸易；对英联邦部分旨在发展英国和加拿大、澳大利亚、印度等主要贸易伙伴的关系，帮助非洲的英联邦成员消除贫困；对新兴经济体部分重在促进和中国、巴西等国的经贸往来，并在巩固经贸关系的基础上发展政治合作。本文还从政策的指向性、一致性、可行性三个方面分析了“全球英国”面临的挑战。

This article examines the British government’s vision of a"Global Britain".It shows that"Global Britain"is not only a political slogan,but also a foreign policy that has substance and comprises three key components.The first key component is to renew the Anglo-American special relationship.The second is to strengthen the ties with the Commonwealth member states,especially the ties with Australia,New Zealand,Canada,and India.The third is to develop British relations with the new rising powers such as China and Brazil.This article also provides a brief assessment of the chance of success of"Global Britain".It concludes that"Global Britain"displays the British government’s vision,foresight,and determination,but will meet a number of challenges and will be tested across a wide range of settings.