数字人文视域下的历史客观性理解问题

Discussion and Understanding of Historical Objectivity from the Perspective of Digital Humanities

文章通过辨析对历史的客观性理解问题,梳理认识者和历史主体关系,讨论悬置价值的历史、价值同一的历史和文本即历史,它们达到客观性理解的标准是实现重复性验证。价值悬置的历史借助数学和统计手段实现,价值同一性的历史借助于在认识者心灵重演实现,文本即历史借助对关键词的计算实现。从客观性理解角度来看,大数据背景下的文本即历史是传统史学的延续和发展。

To understand the issue of historical objectivity, this paper examines the relationship between the researcher and the historical subject. The author reviews three main schools of thoughts in historiography, i.e. value judgment is suspended from the historical subject, value of the historical subject is shared by the researcher, and history as text. Value suspension in history can be dealt with by means of statistics and mathematics. The historian may also re-enact the value of history subject in his mind. Through calculation of keywords, history as text will be arrived. The criterion for objectivity is repeatability verification. In other words, in the big data environment, history as text is the continuation and development of traditional historiography from the perspective of objective understanding.