蜂产品中重金属对环境污染指示作用的研究

Studies on Indicative Function of Heavy Metals in Bee Products to Environmental Pollution

利用电感耦合等离子质谱(ICP-MS)技术测定了采自我国3个污染程度不同地区的环境介质和蜂产品中的11种常见重金属的含量,并对其进行了描述性分析、相关性分析、方差分析以及回归分析。结果显示,采自不同地区的土壤样品中重金属含量相对较高且存在较大差异;洋槐植物中重金属含量总体上较土壤中的低,且采样地区之间差异不显著;蜂花粉中重金属的平均含量与环境污染程度的变化趋势相同,且与环境介质之间相对应的重金属含量存在较强的相关性,因此,蜂花粉较为适合做环境中重金属污染指示剂;尽管蜂蜜中重金属的含量较低,但其中Co、Fe、Mo元素对环境污染具有良好的指示作用。上述结果为评价环境污染程度提供了一种新的技术模式,也为拓展蜂产业应用领域提供了新思路。

This study accurately detected 11 kinds of common heavy metals in environmental medium and bee products from different areas with different pollution levels by the inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry（ ICP-MS）technique,then statistical analyses were carried out by descriptive,correlation,variance,and regression analysis.The results indicated that the heavy metal contents in soil samples from different areas were relatively higher and there were bigger differences among them. But the heavy metal contents in acacia plant were generally lower than that in soil,and there were no obvious differences among the sampling areas. The average heavy metal contents in bee pollen had the same changing tendency with environmental pollution degree,and there was stronger correlation between heavy metal contents correspondent with environmental medium. Therefore,bee pollen was suitable to be an indicator for heavy mental pollution in the environment. Although the heavy metal contents in honey were lower,its elements of Co,Fe,Mo were good indicators for environmental pollution. This study provided a new technological model for evaluating environmental pollution,and also a new idea for expanding its application area in bee industry.