甘肃省高血压患者人口学影响因素的分析

The demographic characteristics and risk factors of hypertension in Gansu province

目的研究甘肃省高血压患者人口学特征及其危险因素,以期为高血压的防治措施提供依据。方法于2013年1月至2014年3月对甘肃省14个地州市进行分层随机多阶段抽样调查,通过问卷调查及体格检查获得数据,采用EpiData 3.1录入数据,SPSS 22.0对数据进行单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析。结果本次共纳入研究对象15 430人,其中高血压患者为3993人,高血压患病率为25.88%。单因素分析结果显示城乡、地区、年龄、民族、文化程度、婚姻状况、职业、就业情况与高血压的发生有关。多因素分析结果显示,陇中、文化程度高、技术人员及商业服务人员(相比农业劳动者)是高血压的保护性因素,OR(95%CI)分别为0.857(0.749~0.980),0.602(0.478~0.758)(大学及以上比未上学),0.635(0.510~0.792),0.502(0.373~0.676);城市、河西、年龄、丧偶者、离退休者为高血压的危险因素,OR(95%CI)分别为1.149(1.044~1.265),1.196(1.044~1.371),40.116(30.476~52.805)(≥65比<25岁),1.405(1.038~1.903),1.809(1.530~2.139)。结论甘肃省城市居民、河西地区居民、高龄者、丧偶者、离退休者为高血压高危人群。

Objective To examine the demographic characteristics and risk factors of hypertension and to provide the basis for its prevention and control strategies. Methods From January 2013 to March 2014, a stratified random multistage sampling survey was conducted in 14 cities in Gansu province. Data were obtained by questionnaires and physical examinations. EpiData3.1 was used to input data and SPSS 22.0 to analyze the data by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression. Results There were 15 430 subjects in this study. Among them, 3993 subjects were diagnosed with hypertension with a prevalence rate of 25.88%. Single factor analysis showed that region, age, nationality, education level, marital status, occupation and employment status were related to the occurrence of hypertension. Multivariate analysis showed that Longzhong district, high education level, technical personnel and business services staff （compared to agricultural laborers） were protective factors; OR （95% CI） were 0. 857 （0. 749-0. 980）, 0. 602（0. 478-0. 758） （university or higher education vs never went to school）, 0. 635（0. 510- 0. 792）, 0. 502（0. 373-0. 676）. Hexi district, age, death of spouse and retirement were risk factors of hypertension; OR（ 95% CI） were 1.196（1.044-1.371）, 40.116（30.476-52.805） （65 years or older vs 〈25 years）, 1. 405（1. 038-1. 903） and 1. 809（1. 530-2. 139）. Conclusion Residents in Hexi district, old people, death of spouse and retirement are risk （actors for hypertension in Gansu province.