长江监利河段环境流量估算方法初探

Preliminary study of estimation of environmental flow in Yangtze River Jianli reach

简要分析了河流环境流量的内涵，结合长江监利河段水文情势和生态环境资料，比较分析了推求环境流量的4类方法在该河段的适用性，结果表明水文学方法更具有适用性、可操作性．着重介绍了水文学法下的变异性范围法（RVA），并用滑动秩和检验法对监利站1975—2014年的月流量序列进行变异分析，分析表明没有显著变异点，数据可用于RVA的计算中，最终利用该法计算得到监利河段5、6、7月的环境流量分别为7648、12864、16953m^3／s，占比多年各月月均流量70％、83％、72％，并与其他5种水文学方法的计算结果进行对比，认为计算结果合理，可以为监利河段环境流量取值提供参考．

This article analyzes the connotation of stream environmental flow briefly; and then combined with the hydrological regime and ecological data in the Yangtze River Jianli reach, discusses four kinds of methods of calculating environmental flow and their applicability in this reach; hydrological methodologies are thought to be more suitable and operable. Range of variability approach （RVA） is mainly introduced. The slide rank sum test is used to analyze change-points of the average monthly flows series of Jianli hydrological station from 1975 to 2014. The analysis results show that there are no significant changepoint and the data can be used to compute; the computational results based on RVA indicate that the environmental flows of May,June,July are respectively 7 648 m^3/s, 12 864 m^3/s, 16 953 m^3/s, respectively occupying 70%,83%,72 % of average flux of multi-years; compared with five other hydrological methods, the results is thought to be reasonable and can be referred as the value of the Yangtze River Jianli reaches environmental flow.