文化遗产保护区景观格局演变及驱动因子研究——以丽江市核心区为例

Study on Landscape Pattern Change in a Cultural Heritage Protection Area and Its Driving Factors——A Case Study of the Core Area of Lijiang City

以丽江市核心范围为研究区,对其1996、2006及2016年遥感影像进行景观分类,以Google Earth 19级高分辨率影像图对结果校正并计算景观格局指数.结果表明:1996-2006年,冰川雪域向林地转换明显,旱地向建设用地转换趋势明显;2006-2016建设用正向转换明显,其中水田是建设用地增长的主要来源;林地一直是研究区的优势景观类型,比例保持64%以上.20年间,城镇景观用地的扩张蚕食了周围的优质农田景观用地,建设用地扩张有明显的区位特征.研究区的景观破碎度呈现先增后减的倒"U"形变化,景观蔓延度指数和破碎度呈联动变化,先增后减,香浓多样性指数则先减后增.旅游综合收入、政策是影响景观格局变化的主要因素,基于研究区的特殊性,提出构建复合型"生态-遗产廊道".

Taking the core area of Lijiang as the research area,landscape classification of remote sensing images in 1996,2006 and 2016 was carried out.The Google Earth nineteen level high-resolution image map was used to correct and calculate the landscape pattern index.The results showed an obvious trend of conversion of snowy land to forest land,and upland land to construction land in 1996-2006.In 2006-2016,there was a significant positive conversion to construction land,the main source of its growth being paddy fields,and forest land was always the advantageous landscape type in the study area,accounting for more than 64% of the total.In the past 20 years,the expansion of urban landscape land encroached on the surrounding land of high quality farmland landscape,and the expansion of construction land had obvious location characteristics.The landscape fragmentation of the study area showed an inverted U-shaped change which first increased and then decreased.The landscape spread index and fragmentation degree showed a linkage change,first increased and then decreased,and Shannon diversity index first decreased and then increased.Tourism comprehensive income and policy were the main factors of landscape pattern change.Based on the particularity of the research area,the construction of a compound＂ecology-heritage corridor＂is proposed.