两相永磁被动补偿脉冲发电机研制

Development of Two-phase Passive Permanent Magnet Compulsator

补偿脉冲发电机是一种可广泛应用于高功率激光、聚变反应堆、电磁发射及飞行器电磁弹射的特殊同步发电机,因其需要激励系统产生工作耦合磁场,导致系统体积和质量增大,可靠性降低。为提高其可靠性和储能密度,设计了一种采用永磁体激励,结构较为简单,具有较高功率密度的新型补偿脉冲电机。采用解析方法对样机进行分析,获得了样机的空、负载简化解析模型,解析模型与有限元方法的结果比较一致,可以简单准确地对该电机进行设计与分析。设计了一台缩比样机,开展了样机试验,结果表明：永磁补偿脉冲发电机绕组电感得到有效补偿,缩比样机能够输出较大功率脉冲电流,脉冲电流波形与计算和仿真分析结果基本一致。

Compensated pulsed alternator（compulsator） is an especially designed synchronous alternator, which is commonly used in high-power pulsed lasers, fusion reactors, electromagnetic launchers, and electromagnetic aircraft launch. In general, external excitation is required in compulsator, which not only results in heavy and bulky components but also complicates and reduces the reliability of the system. To improve the reliability and the energy density of the machine, we propose a novel permanent magnets excited compulsator with high power density and relatively simple structure. Meanwhile, we introduce an analytic method to study the machine, and deduce no-load and short-circuit discharge models as simple formulas, which are in good agreement with the finite element method. The machine can be designed and analyzed easily by this analytic method. A scale-model prototype of an external rotor permanent magnetic（PM） compulsator is designed, fabricated, and tested. The actual performances show that the armature inductance of the machine is compensated significantly. The scaled prototype of the compulsator has the capability of exporting high pulsed current, and the pulse shape is consistent with the the oretical analysis.