古代中国书院的时空演变及重心推移路径

The Characteristics of Regional Distribution and Center Shifting Tracks of Chinese Ancient Academy

通过对历代中国各地书院数量的统计与分析，得出历代中国书院发展的分布特征：点状一团状一片状的分布特征。中国书院密度的地域分布呈现由东南沿海向西北、东北内陆地区逐步递减的态势，反映了自然与人文环境的优劣直接影响到书院的地域空间分布状态。在书院发展的五个阶段里，中国书院地域分布的重心移动路径始终在长江中下游地区移动，但移动空间很小，印证了自唐代以来江南地区在区域经济与自然环境方面对书院文化的建设规模给予持久和深刻的影响力。

This paper obtains the distribution characteristics of Chinese ancient academy in different ages though the analysis of relative statistics about academies from various dynasties, that is dot - mass - flake characteristics. The density of academies declines from the coastal southeast to the inner land of the northeast, reflecting the direct in- fluence granted by different natural social and cultural environment. During the five developing stages, the center is shifting along the middle and lower Yangtze River with miner change, corroborating the lasting and profound effect of regional economy and natural environment in Yangtze River regions since the Tang Dynasty.