长白落叶松结实与发芽特性

Characteristics Analysis of Seed Setting and Germination of Larix olgensis

以落叶松种子园中21个长白落叶松无性系亲本为试验材料，对其结实和发芽性状进行研究，分析其遗传变异状况，以期筛选结实及发芽均表现优良的无性系。方差分析结果表明各无性系结实和发芽性状间存在极显著差异，其中无性系L52和L67平均发芽特性表现较好。各性状表型变异系数变化范围为13．34%～69．47％，遗传力变化范围为0．7757～0．9463，高变异系数、高遗传力有利于优良无性系评价选择。相关分析结果表明各性状间相关系数变化范围为0．054～0．889，其中种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数与千粒重、种子长度、种子宽度存在显著或极显著正相关，表明种子发芽特性与种子表型间存在较为密切的联系。最终以发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数为指标进行聚类分析，将各无性系种子聚为两类，无性系L17、L40、L49、L52、L55、L67、L71、L88和L99种子发芽性状较优良，可作为高发芽率优良亲本进行利用，此研究可为长白落叶松种子园亲本选择提供依据。

With 21 Larix olgensis clones as experimental materials, the fruit and seed germination traits were investigated and genetic variation analysis was conducted, which was hoped to select the clones with excellent seed germination and fruit characteristics. ANOVA analysis of fruit and seed germination traits showed that there was extremely significant difference among all clones of which L52 and L67 showed the better performance of seed germination. The phenotypic coefficients of all traits ranged from 13.34% to 69.47% and the heritability ranged from 0.775 7 to 0.946 3, the higher phenotypic coefficient and repeatability were conductive to excellent clone selection. Correlation analysis showed that the correlation coefficients among all traits were different, which varied from 0.054 to 0.889, and there was extremely significant or significant difference between germination rate, germination potential, germination index and thousand seed weight, seed length, and seed width, which indicated that there was close relationship between phenotype and seed germination. Using the germination rate, germination potential and germination index as cluster index to carry out analysis, 21 clones were divided into two categories. The clone L17, L40, L49, L52, L55, L67, L71, L88 and L99 possessed better performance of seed germination characteristics, which could be utilized as the excellent parents with high germination. The study might provide thetheoretical basis for excellent parent selection of Larix olgensis.