羧酸/磺酸型水性聚氨酯合成条件的研究与性能测试

Synthesis and characterization of carboxylic acid/sulfonic acid type waterborne polyurethane

以自制的含有磺酸基团的聚己二酸乙二醇酯和聚己内酯二醇(PCL)为软段、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)为硬段以及2,2-双羟甲基丁酸(DMBA)为亲水扩链剂制备了羧酸/磺酸型水性聚氨酯(WPU),采用热重(TG)法对产品进行了热稳定性测试,用红外光谱(FT-IR)法表征了产品的结构,同时探讨了其合成工艺条件,测定了各项力学性能。结果表明,相对最佳合成条件是R[R=n(-NCO)/n(-OH)]值为1.5,自制的含有磺酸基团的聚己二酸乙二醇酯用量为软段总量的5%,DMBA用量为配方总量的6%,反应时间为60 min,乳化时间为20 min。合成的WPU固含量可达51.2%,吸水性7.9%,贮藏稳定性大于180 d,各项力学性能均高于国家标准,其胶膜热稳定性较好。

The carboxylic acid/sulfonic acid type waterborne polyurethane（WPU） was prepared with self-made sulfonated poly（ethylene glycol adipate） and PCL as the soft segment, IPDI as the hard segment and DMBA as the hydrophilic chain extender. The thermal stability of the products was measured by TG, and the products were characterized by FTIR. The mechanical properties of the synthesized WPU were tested and the processing conditions of its synthesis were discussed. The optimal synthesis conditions are as follows： the R value is 1.5, the contents of sulfonated polyethylene glycol adipate and DMBA are 5% of soft segment and 6% of total product; the reaction time and emulsification time are 60 min and 20 min, respectively. Its solid content is 51.2%, its water absorption is 7.9%. Meanwhile the stability of storage is more than 6 months, and its mechanical properties results are all better than that of national standards.