北京市密云区呼吸道感染患儿常见呼吸道病毒检测结果分析

Etiological analysis of common respiratory viruses among children in Miyun district of Beijing

目的了解2014年9月-2016年8月北京市密云区呼吸道感染儿童中呼吸道病毒的病原学特征和流行规律。方法利用实时荧光PCR的方法,对240份呼吸道感染患儿咽拭子样本进行8种常见呼吸道病毒的检测,比较不同季节、年龄和性别患儿常见呼吸道病毒检出阳性率的差异。结果在240份样本中,呼吸道病毒阳性率为41.25%,其中流感病毒阳性率最高为9.58%,其次为副流感病毒和鼻病毒,阳性率均为7.92%。病毒混合感染11例,阳性率为4.58%。按季节分析,春季呼吸道病毒检出阳性率最高,为50.00%,夏季最低为28.17%,不同季节检出阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。患儿性别之间阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。呼吸道病毒的检出阳性率在年龄间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论流感病毒、副流感病毒和鼻病毒,为密云区儿童呼吸道病毒感染的主要病原体。儿童呼吸道病毒的检出存在明显的季节性,各年龄段的儿童都对呼吸道病毒易感。

Objective To understand the epidemiology and etiological characteristics of respiratory viruses among children in Miyun district of Beijing from September 2014 to August 2016. Methods By real-time PCR,eight common respiratory viruses were detected in 240 clinical respiratory specimens collected. The positive rates of the respiratory viruses in different seasons,and among children of different age and sex,were compared. Results The total positive rate for the eight viruses in 240 specimens was 41. 25%. The most common virus was influenza virus and the positive rate was 9. 58%. The following were parainfluenza virus and Rhinovirus,and the positive rates were both 7. 92%. Mixed infection of viruses was detected in 11 cases,and the positive rate was 4. 58%. For different seasons,the highest positive rate of respiratory viruses was found in spring,accounting for 50% while the lowest was in summer,accounting for 28. 17%. The difference of the positive detection rates among different seasons was statistically significant（ P 0. 05）. There was also a statistically significant difference of the positive rates between sexes（ P 0. 05）. The difference in the detection rates of respiratory virus among different age groups was not statistically significant（ P 0. 05）. Conclusion Influenza virus,parainfluenza virus and rhinovirus were the main pathogens leading to respiratory infections in Miyun,The detection of respiratory viruses among children showed obvious seasonality,Children of all ages are vulnerable to respiratory viruses.