不同氮钾配比对晒红烟碳氮代谢及化学成分的影响

Effects of Different Ratio of N to K on Carbon-Nitrogen Metabolism and Chemical Constituents of Dark Sun-Cured Tobacco

研究了不同氮钾配比对吉林省蛟河晒红烟质体色素、碳氮代谢及化学成分的影响,试验结果表明随着施氮量的增加,烟叶叶绿素含量和硝酸还原酶活性升高。在施氮量为90kg/hm2、氮钾比为1∶2时,生长后期烟叶叶绿素和类胡萝卜含量仍然处于较高水平,阻碍烟叶碳氮正常代谢,不利于烟叶落黄成熟;而施氮量为75kg/hm2、氮钾比为1∶3的处理碳氮代谢协调。从调制后烟叶化学成分来说,随着施氮量增加,含氮化合物含量增加,碳水化合物含量降低。随着施钾量增加,调制后烟叶钾含量明显升高。因此,在保证氮肥供应充足的情况下,适当提高植烟土壤钾肥比例,有利于提高烟叶品质。

Effects of different ratio of nitrogen to potassium on chromoplast pigment, carbon-nitrogen metabolism and chemical constituents of dark sun-cured tobacco were studied in Jiaohe. The results showed that with the nitrogen increased, the contents of chlorophyll and activity of nitrate reductase in dark sun-cured tobacco leaves increased. Under nitrogen level of 90kg/hm2 and the ratio of N to K was 1：2, the content of chlorophyll and carotenoids was at a high level at later stage, which was harmful to the normal metabolism of carbon-nitrogen and tobacco maturing. However, nitrogen level of 75kg/hm2 and the ratio of N to K level of 1：3 were good for carbon-nitrogen metabolism. In the term of chemical constituents of cured tobacco, with the increase of nitrogen level, the content of nitrogen compounds increased and the carbohydrate content decreased. With the increase of potassium level, the potassium content in cured tobacco increased obviously. Therefore, under sufficient nitrogen supply, it was beneficial to tobacco quality with increasing the proportion of potassium in tobacco planting soil.