去苞叶对玉米子粒脱水过程的影响

Effects of Peeling Husk on Grain Dehydration of Maize

为明确苞叶层数对玉米子粒脱水过程的影响,2015-2016年以郑单958和先玉335为试验材料,设置乳熟期(授粉后25~26d)不同程度去苞叶处理,分析苞叶层数对子粒含水率的影响。结果显示:(1)去除1层、2层和3层苞叶后,子粒含水率与同一时期不去苞叶对照差异不显著;去除4~6层苞叶后,子粒脱水过程受到不同程度的影响;去除全部苞叶后,子粒含水率在测定期间始终显著低于对照处理,2个品种表现一致。(2)去除全部苞叶后,郑单958和先玉335百粒干重显著下降,降幅为9.77%~13.29%和15.40%~16.37%,而其他去苞叶处理的百粒干重与对照无显著差异。结论:去除全部苞叶后显著降低百粒干重,生产中应慎重过早扒去全部苞叶;适当减少苞叶层数有利于子粒脱水,且不降低子粒重量,在选育脱水快、适合机械粒收的品种时应予以考虑。

In 2015 and 2016, the experiment was designed with varying peeling-husk treatments to indentify the effects of husk layers on maize grain moisture content using Zhengdan 958 and Xianyu 335 cultivars. Results showed that： （1） There weren＇t significant differences in grain moisture content among the one, two, three layer peeling- husk treatments and CK at same sampling time; the four to six layer peeling-husk treatments affected grain dry-down process on varying degrees; grain moisture content in the all layer peeling-husk treatment was significantly lower than CK throughout sampling time. （2） Under the all layer peeling-husk treatments, 100-grain weight of Zhengdan 958 and Xianyu 335 were significantly reduced by 9.77%-13.29% and 15.40%-16.37%. 100-grain weight had no difference between the other treatments and CK. It should be cautious to peel all the husks too early since the 100-grain weight substantially decreased under the all layer peeling-husk treatment. Reducing the layer number of husk was conducive to grain dehydration and did not reduce the grain weight, which should be considered in breeding the high dehydration rate cultivars suitable for mechanical grain harvesting.