不同砧木嫁接的砂糖橘解剖结构及酶活性研究

The Anatomical Structure and Enzyme Activity of 'Shatangju' Mandarin Grafted on Different Rootstocks

通过调查嫁接在8种砧木上的砂糖橘的生长指标,分析叶片、枝条解剖结构及叶片中过氧化物酶(POD)、生长素氧化酶(IOD)活性,探讨树势与解剖结构和酶活性的关系。结果表明:以枳壳、粗柠檬和枸头橙为砧木的砂糖橘树势较强,红黎檬次之,酸橘、枳橙、红橘和砂糖橘(本砧)较弱;各指标与树势的相关性分析结果发现,叶片的海绵组织厚度与株高和树冠体积呈显著负相关,栅海比与树冠体积呈显著正相关;枝条的导管密度与株高和树冠体积均呈显著负相关;叶片POD活性与株高和树冠体积均呈显著负相关,IOD活性与秋梢长度呈显著负相关,其余无显著相关性。叶片中较低的栅海比、较高的海绵组织厚度和POD活性与枝条中较高的导管密度是影响树体矮化的重要因素。

To determine the relationship between the tree vigor and the anatomical structure, enzyme activity, the growth index was investigated, and the anatomical structure of the leaves and shoots, POD and IOD activity of the ＇Shatangju＇ that grafted on eight kinds of rootstocks were analyzed. The results showed the tree vigor that grafted on Trifoliate orange [Poncirus trifoliate （L.）Raf] , Rough lemon （Citrus jambhiri Lush） and ＇Goutou＇ orange （Citrus aurantium L） was stronger, followed by Canton lemon （Citrus limonia Osbeck） , Sunki mandarin （Citrus reticulata Blanco） , Carrizo citrange [C. sinensis （L.） OsbeckxPoncirus trifoliata （L.）Raf.], Red tangerine （Citrus reticulata Blanco cv. Red tangerine） and ＇Shatangju＇ mandarin （self-specie stock）was weaker. According to the correlation analysis between each index and tree growth vigor, we found that sponge tissue hickness was negatively correlated with tree height and crown volume, and the ratio of palisade/spongy was positively correlation with crown volume. There was a significant negative correction between vessel density of shoots and tree height and crown volume, a significant positive correction between single vessel area and crown volume, the others had no significant correlation. POD activity was negatively correlated with tree height and crown volume, and IOD activity was negatively correlated with autumn shoots length, there was no significant correlation with the other indicators. The lower ratio of palisade/spongy and higher sponge tissue thickness, POD activity in the leaves, higher vessel density in the shoots were important factors that affecting their dwarfing.