女人治国之惑——司各特与女主执政合法性之辩

The Dilemma of Female Monarchy's Rule: Walter Scott and the Legitimacy of Queen's Ruling

司各特1820年创作的《女王越狱记》与当时著名的"卡洛琳王后离婚案"有关。他以"贞洁"为维度,通过批评小说中的苏格兰玛丽女王来影射被指控犯有通奸罪的卡洛琳王后,进而对女子介入公共政治生活的行为发出责难与质疑。司各特对"女人可以治国吗"这一问题的阐发有着深刻的现实依据、历史价值与理论意义,指出了女性统治者面临自然身份与政治身份抉择时的两难境地,其逻辑进路有政治神学中"君之两体"理论以及由此衍生出的"雌雄两体"理论的清晰印记。

The Abbot, written by Walter Scott in 1820, was subtly and profoundly connected with the event of Queen Caroline＇s divorce with George IV at the time. Scott referred to the adulterous Queen Caroline by severely criticizing Mary of Scotland in the novel, a queen judged by the standard of ＂virginity,＂ and further expressed the blame and skepticism on women＇s intervention in public political life. Is a woman legitimate to rule？ Walter Scott expounds the issue with accurate and vivid facts, and explores the historical values and theoretical significance in depth, clarifying the dilemma for a female monarchy in face of dual status of the natural and the political. Behind his logic lies a clear-cut notion of ＂king＇s two bodies＂ originated from political theology, as well as an extended theory of two bodies of the male and the female.