《周易》全球化:回顾与前瞻(一)

Zhouyi The Global Classic: A Retrospect and Prospect (Ⅰ)

本文尝试考察17世纪以来《周易》一书自中国传播至域外各国的大势,从欧洲传教士的翻译,德川时期日本及朝鲜李朝时期的研究,以至于近、当代最新的研究情形,包括疑古思潮的影响、茶山《易》研究的意义,以及于美国学者近一世纪的研究成果。作者不但介绍各种重要的学者和著作,也尽量指出学者研究的渊源、路径、方法与得失,以说明《周易》一书在过去一二百年间获得历史的机遇,得以传播世界各国,而成为全球的经典。当形成这些机遇的历史条件在21世纪逐渐改变甚至消失之后,学者也需要回顾检讨,思考未来易学研究的路向。

This paper attempts to observe holistically the dissemination of Zhouyi and its studies across Asia, Europe andNorth America, especially on how the classic is transported, studied, translated, interpreted and reproduced based on different backgrounds in different languages and cultures. For the case in Europe, to link up the language gap, missionaries devoteto translate the text into European languages. While translation of a classic is actually a kind of re-interpretation, by reproducing a new version in a different language context, European scholars shed new lights on the classic by incorporating Christian philosophy as well as new knowledge such as psychology. The situation is totally different in Asian countries such as Korea and Japan in which Chinese characters are the major medium. In gist, particular historical factors led to the popularity ofZhouyi and its studies across the east and west. Looking into the future, when these factors disappear, we may need to thinkinnovatively the prospect of teaching and research of the classic.