成都市老年慢性病患者生活质量影响因素

Quality of Life in Elderly Patients with Chronic Diseases in Chengdu and Its Influencing Factors

目的：了解老年慢性病患者生活质量,探讨相关影响因素。方法：采用简明健康状况调查表（SF-36）和自制的老年患者一般状况调查表,采用一对一访谈的方式进行问卷调查,并对结果进行分析。结果：老年患者生活质量各维度平均得分为53.87分,远低于一般老年人生活质量得分。逐步多元线性回归分析显示心功能（t=-3.850,P〈0.001）、脑梗塞（t=4.769,P〈0.001）等5个因素对生理功能的影响有统计学意义,性别（t=-3.000,P=0.003）和脑出血（t=2.520,P=0.012）等4个因素对生理职能的影响有统计学意义,性别（t=-2.695,P=0.007）和退休前职业（t=-4.810,P〈0.001）等6个因素对躯体疼痛的影响有统计学意义,自觉经济状况（t=-3.466,P=0.001）和医保类别（t=2.607,P=0.01）等5个因素对总体健康的影响有统计学意义,脑梗塞（t=3.643,P〈0.001）和自觉经济状况（t=-3.417,P=0.001）等6个因素对活力的影响有统计学意义,冠心病（t=5.530,P〈0.001）和户籍（t=-2.980,P=0.003）等7个因素对社会功能的影响有统计学意义,脑出血（t=-2.422,P〈0.016）和退休前职业（t=3.417,P=0.001）等7个因素对情感职能的影响有统计学意义,户籍（t=-5.916,P〈0.001）和性别（t=-2.329,P〈0.021）等6个因素对精神健康的影响有统计学意义。结论：老年患者生活质量较差,加强慢性病防控,强化健康教育,丰富老年文化生活等措施,提升老年患者生活质量。

Objective：To learn the quality of life（QOL）in elderly patients with chronic diseases and explore the related factors.Methods：The quality of life and activities of daily living were measured simultaneously by SF-36 questionnaire and other questionnaire.Survey results were analyzed by multiple stepwise regression analysis.Results：The average QOL score was 53.87 in elderly patients with chronic diseases.Multiple stepwise regression analysis revealed that the major influencing factors for the QOL in elderly patients with chronic diseases were gender,occupation before retirement,cerebral hemorrhage,and so on（P〈0.05）.Conclusion：Elderly patients lead a poor quality of life.Improving the prevention and control of chronic diseases,enhancing health education,enriching the cultural life and other measures should be taken to improve the life quality of elderly patients.