陆军某部新兵自我效能感、心理弹性与心理应激水平关系

Relationships of Self-efficacy and Resilience with Psychological Stress in New Recruits

目的：探讨新兵自我效能感、心理弹性与心理应激水平的关系。方法：采用一般自我效能感量表（GSES）、心理弹性量表（CD-RISC）和军人心理应激自评问卷（PSET）对陆军某部434名新兵进行问卷调查。结果：（1）心理应激高分组与低分组在自我效能感（t=-6.454,P〈0.001）、心理弹性总分（t=-8.471,P〈0.001）及其坚韧性（t=-6.948,P〈0.001）、力量性（t=-6.713,P〈0.001）和乐观性（t=-6.389,P〈0.001）3个维度上均存在显著差异;（2）心理应激总分与自我效能感、坚韧性、力量性、乐观性及心理弹性总分呈显著负相关（r=-0.310,-0.360,-0.341,-0.336,-0.421;P〈0.001）;（3）自我效能感、坚韧性、力量性和乐观性能有效预测新兵心理应激水平,总解释率为19.5%。结论：自我效能感、心理弹性与新兵的心理应激水平密切相关,提高自我效能感和心理弹性水平,能够降低新兵的心理应激水平,促进新兵心理健康。

Objective：To explore the relationships of self-efficacy and resilience with psychological stress in new recruits.Methods：General Self-efficacy Scale（GSES）,Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale（CD-RISC）,and Psychological Stress Self-evaluation test（PEST）were applied to survey 434 new recruits.Results：There were significant differences in general self-efficacy（t=-6.454,P〈0.001）,resilience（t=-8.471,P〈0.001）and tolerance（t=-6.948,P〈0.001）,strength（t=-6.713,P〈0.001）,optimism（t=-6.389,P〈0.001）between the psychological stress high-score group and the psychological stress low-score group.The total score of psychological stress was negatively correlated with self-efficacy,tolerance,strength,optimism and the total score of resilience（r=-0.310,-0.360,-0.341,-0.336 and-0.421,P〈0.001）.Self-efficacy,tolerance,strength and optimism were important predictors of psychological stress,and could explain 19.5% variance of psychological stress.Conclusion Self-efficacy and resilience are closely correlated with psychological stress.Improving self-efficacy and resilience can reduce the level of psychological stress of new recruits,and promote their mental health.