民国时期中国新闻界对苏联社会主义新闻事业的考察与态度

Inspection and Attitude on the Soviet Union's Socialist Journalism of the Chinese Press

20世纪30年代,在西方新闻业日渐衰退与苏联社会主义新闻业全面崛起的背景下,中国新闻界对苏联社会主义新闻事业给予了异乎寻常的关注。20世纪30—40年代中国新闻业界对苏联新闻事业的优势和成绩进行了大量研究与积极推介。国人盛赞和欣羡苏联新闻业所取得的成就,形成了一股"以俄为师",同情认可社会主义新闻制度的思潮。借助苏联新闻业的窗口,国人了解了苏联新闻事业国有制新闻理念与运作模式。苏联新闻事业的特点、理念与实践,适时顺应了近代中国新闻界文人论政的精神传统与报人救国的现实需求,在此基础上所形成和建立的社会主义新闻业的好感,成为左右中国新闻人政治抉择的社会心理基础之一。

In the 1930s,the Chinese press paid close attention to the Soviet Union’s socialist journalism when it developed in all-around way,while the western journalism suffered a recession day by day.Over the following decade,Chinese journalists and scholars did many studies on this subject and introduced its advantages and achievements to domestic news practices,then a thought of"taking Russia as a teacher"became more and more popular.Through the recognition of the socialist news system,idea of state ownership and how it operated,Chinese intellectuals realized that the Soviet Union’s socialist journalism responded and adjusted to the tradition of modern scholars commented on politics and served the country.The favorable impression about this new kind of journalism model had been forming in their mind.Based on that it became one of the social and psychological foundation which effected journalists’politic chosen in China.