通话中的农村与手机网络通讯的城市:移动传播与社会资本的基层图景

The Rural and Urban Disparities: The Relationship between Mobile Communication and Social Capital in Chinese Grassroots Communities

现阶段,手机移动通讯的技术特征突破了传统媒介技术在时间和空间上的限制,改变了传统的社会关系与社会交往。本研究为描绘现阶段基层移动传播与社会资本的关系图景,通过对山东省荣成市的问卷调查数据分析,得到如下发现:影响基层社会资本的主要社会经济地位变量是收入和家庭资产指数。对于农村被试来说,其学历对社会资本的各项指标均影响显著,而城市被试仅网络规模与学历正相关。在不同地理空间的移动传播对社会资本影响方面,形成了显著的"通话中的农村"与"手机网络通讯的城市"这两个大不相同的关系图景。不论移动通讯的地理空间如何变化,手机通话可以建立和维系农村社会资本的网络规模,但对于建立和维系更好更异质的社会资本没有显著作用。而城市被试的移动通讯活动中,手机上网通讯与社会资本正相关,地理空间上在县范围内表现显著,在县以外的范围没有显著影响。

Nowadays,mobile communication is ubiquitous in people’s daily life.Its technical characters lower the threshold of time and space constraints and therefore reshape traditional social connection and social interaction.This study aims to describe a pattern of the relationship between mobile communication and social capital in Chinese grassroots.Through a data analysis based on the investigation carried out in Rongcheng,Shandong Province,this study has following findings:Key socioeconomic status variables which forming social capital are income and household asset index.Educational background is positively associated with all three indicators of social capital for rural people,whereas only diversity indicator of social capital is positively associated with educational background for urban people.In the aspect of geography difference,there exist two different patterns.One is the rural area on mobile calls,and the other is the urban area on mobile internet contacts.No matter rural people are contacted in which place,the mobile calling can form and maintain the diversity indicator of social capital.But mobile calling does not significantly affect rural people's upper reachability and heterogeneity of social capital.For urban people,mobile internet contacting can play a key role in forming all the three indicating functions of social capital within the county area.But this mechanism does not reach out beyond the county boundary.