西藏日喀则市太阳能资源时空分布特征及资源潜力评估

Solar Energy in Shigatse of Tibet: Temporal and Spatial Distribution and Resource Potential Assessment

为了解日喀则市光能资源时空分布特征,利用光能资源,因地制宜合理布局农业结构,提高农作物产量。本研究采用日喀则市1985—2014年7个气象站的逐日日照时数、日照百分率、最高温度和日喀则太阳辐射实测资料(2010—2014年),用总辐射推算模型公式估算全市太阳年总辐射,分析了日喀则市近30年来太阳能资源的时空变化特征及潜力。结果表明:日喀则市大部属于太阳能资源丰富区,定日、江孜、日喀则和拉孜的日照时数长、太阳总辐射强,属于资源最丰富区;南木林、聂拉木和帕里属于资源很丰富区;近30年来日喀则市年总辐射和年均日照时数呈下降趋势,日照时数下降趋势较前者明显;7个气象站近30年日照时数大于6 h的天数为263~327天,大部分站点在290天以上;日喀则市南部边缘一带太阳能资源较稳定,西部及沿江一带资源稳定。总之,太阳能资源较为稳定的区域,总辐射最高、日照时间最长。

The paper aims to understand the temporal and the spatial distribution of solar resource in Shigatseand rational layout of agricultural structure in local condition, and increase the crop yield with the usage ofsolar resources. Based on the sunshine duration, sunshine percentage and the maximum temperature at 7 meteorological stations during 1985-2014 and solar radiation data of Shigatse District during 2010-2014, thispaper estimated the annual total solar radiation in Shigatse on the basis of its calculation formula, analyzed thetemporal and spatial distribution of solar energy and potential of solar resource in recent 30 years. The resultsshowed that： most of the regions in Shigatze had rich solar energy resources, thereinto, Tingri, Gyantse,Shigatse District and Lazi were the richest solar resource districts with long sunshine duration and strong solarradiation, followed by Namling, Nyalam and Parry with abundant solar energy resource; the annual totalradiation and sunshine duration displayed a decreasing variation trend during 1985-2014 while the decreasingtrend of sunshine duration presented a more obvious variation than that of the annual total radiation; thenumber of days with the daily sunshine duration more than 6 h were about 263~327 days at 7 stations in thepast 30 years; the number of days were more than 290 days at most of stations; the solar resource was quitestable in the southern part of Shigatse, the western part of Shigatse and areas along the Yarlung Zangbo River.As a whole, the regions with stable solar energy resources have the highest total radiation and the longest sunshine duration.