黄河下游非点源污染负荷及临界输沙量研究

Non--Point Source Pollution and Critical Sediment in the Lower Reaches of the Yellow River

在总结分析前人有关黄河下游水体污染物浓度研究成果的基础上,利用三门峡、花园口和高村水文站逐日水沙资料,以氨氮和全磷为指标,分析了三门峡、花园口和高村断面因水土流失引起的非点源污染负荷。氨氮非点源污染负荷占总污染负荷的比例分别为11.8%-88.4%、8.8%-85.1%和6.6%-89.5%,平均值53.0%;全磷分别为34.3%-99.7%、32.4%-96.2%和39.2%-94.8%,平均值为78.8%。参照地表水环境质量标准,得到下游河道达到Ⅲ类和Ⅱ类水质标准的临界输沙量,三门峡至高村河段平均为7.93和5.20亿t。将对控制黄河下游水体水质健康具有重要的指导意义。

Based on previous research on water pollutants concentration in the lower reaches of the Yellow River,using daily flow and sediment of Sanmenxia, Huayuankou and Gaocun hydrologic station, taking ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus as indicators, we analyzed non--point source pollution caused by water and soil loss in these sections. Ammonia nitrogen non-point pollution takes up 11.8%-88.4%,8.8%-85.1% and 6.6%-89.5% of the total pollution respectively, with an average of 53.0%; while total phosphorus takes up 34.3%-99.7%, 32.4%-96.3% and 39.2%-94.8% of the total pollution, with an average of 78.8%. The critical sediment discharge in the lower Yellow River reaches belongs to Ⅲ and Ⅱ water quality standard based on environment quality standards of surface water, which is 7.93 × 108 t and 5.20 × 108 t in Sanmenxia to Gaocun interval averagely. It is important to control the water quality in the lower Yellow River reaches.