安海湾特大桥船撞力评估及防撞方案研究

NumericalSimulation on Vessel Collision and Anti-collision System Analysis of Anhaiwan Bridge

船撞桥事故常有发生,准确预测船舶撞击下桥墩受力对评估桥梁结构船撞性能及进行合理的防撞结构设计具有重要意义。基于非线性有限元方法,分析了安海湾特大桥主桥墩柱在500～6 000 t位范围内6个吨位等级船舶5个撞击速度的接触界面力时程特征,对比论证了现有规范船舶撞击力简化公式的有效性;对安装浮动式柔性防撞装置的大桥主墩开展3 000 t级船舶正撞和侧撞两个场景瞬态动力仿真分析,从接触界面力峰值和冲击持时评价防护装置有效性。研究结果表明,各国船撞力经验公式计算结果相差较大;船舶撞击接触界面力峰值随船舶吨位和撞击速度增大而非线性增加;浮动式柔性防撞装置能够有效地降低船舶撞击力峰值。

The ship-bridge collision accidents is a kind of frequency occurring accidents all over the world. The precise prediction for mechanical behavior of the bridge substructures subject to vessel impact is important to assess the performance of bridges and to design a reasonable anti-collision system. Based on non-linear finite element method, the impact force-time histories of Anhaiwan Bridge subject to standard vessels impact with 6 tonnages and 5 impact velocity levels are analyzed is this paper. The validity of vessel collision force formulas recommended in current specifications are discussed by comparing the vessel collision force with contact interface force by FEM. Meanwhile, the transient dynamic analysis is conducted to evaluate the performance of the floating type anti-collision system, the behavior of bridges with anti-collision system under vessel collision is explored in peak value and duration of impact force-time history. The research results shows that the vessel impact formulas recommended in current specifications varies considerably with each other, the peak value of ship-bridge collision force-time history increases with the vessel tonnages and impact velocities, the recommended floating type anti-collision system is important in lowing the vessel impact force.