罗素论命题与事实的同构关系

Russell on Theory of Isomorphism Relation between Proposition and Fact

罗素提出命题是用来指称使其成为真或假的事实的方式,从而构造了命题与事实之间的对应关系。一方面,罗素把所有的命题都以或真或假的方式来对应肯定的事实,另一方面,把事实以及事实的形式归属为两个相反的性质:肯定的性质和否定的性质。这一做法直接导致命题与事实的同构不一致,同时多出来一个本体:否定事实。否定事实是否存在,关键在于对事实的否定性质的解释。罗素认为否定事实是个终极的不可归约的,但是这无法论证否定事实的存在。

Russell puts forward that proposition is as to the manner in which a proposition refers to the fact that makes it true or false, and construct the corresponding relation between proposition and fact. All propositions on the one hand, are correspond to positive facts in a way that is true or false, on the other hand, facts and forms of facts have two opposite qualities, positive and negative. This led directly to the proposition non-isomorphic with the facts, furthermore, bringing on an ontology, negative facts. The key to the question that whether negative facts exist is the interpretation of the nature of negative in negative facts. Russell thinks the negative fact is ultimate and irreducible. But it can＇t derive the existence of negative facts.