福州旗山夏季毛竹林生态保健功能研究

Exploring the ecological healthy function of Phyllostachys pubescens forest in Qishan Park of Fuzhou in summer

【目的】夏季是毛竹林发挥降温增湿、固碳释氧等生态保健功能效果最佳时期,通过对毛竹游憩林内外环境因子进行比较研究,为综合评价其生态保健功能提供科学参考。【方法】在夏季对毛竹林内、林缘及附近广场的空气温湿度、风速和光照、颗粒物浓度、空气富氧度等环境因子进行同步观测,评价毛竹林的生态保健功能。【结果】(1)人体舒适度指标显示,与广场相比林内降温幅度为8.60~12.50℃,林缘降温幅度为7.10~11.20℃;林内相对湿度日均值分别比林缘、广场高15%、42%,林缘比广场高31%;广场风速的日均值分别比林内、林缘高35%和27%。(2)各测定点空气中4种粒径悬浮颗粒物日均浓度大小顺序均为广场>林缘>林内,广场、林缘和林内3块样地总悬浮颗粒物(TSP)和可吸入颗粒物(PM_(10))浓度的日均值均属于"中等"等级;林内与林缘可入肺颗粒物(PM_(2.5))浓度的日均值属于"清洁"等级,而广场可入肺颗粒物(PM_(2.5))浓度的日均值属于"中等"等级。(3)空气富氧度指标显示,在林内日均值最高,日变化范围在20.84%~23.20%;林缘次之,日变化范围在20.61%~22.73%;广场最低,日变化范围在20.12%~21.91%。(4)动物试验发现,经竹林"沐浴"后的小鼠紧张感有所降低,探索、认知能力明显增强。【结论】在夏季,与林缘、广场相比,毛竹林内空气环境质量相对较好,适合游客休憩。

【Objective】This paper compared the ecological benefits between in and outside of a Phyllostachys pubescens recreational forest in order to provide a theoretical basis for evaluating its overall healthy function.【Method】Environmental factors,such as air temperature,humidity,wind speed,illumination,particulate concentration and air oxygenation,were synchronously observed,and the ecological healthy function of the bamboo forest was evaluated.【Results】（1）Human comfort： compared with the square,the range of temperature drop in the forest was 8. 60-12. 50 ℃,and the range of temperature drop in the edge of the forest was 7. 10-11. 20 ℃. The daily mean value of relative humidity in the forest was 15% and 42% higher than that in the edge of forest and the square,respectively,and that in the edge of the forest was 31% higher than that in the square. The daily mean value of wind speed in the square was respectively 35% and 27% higher than that in the forest and on the edge of the forest,respectively.（2）Airborne particulate matter： the daily mean concentrations of four kinds of particle size were highest in the square,and second largest on the edge of forest,with the lowest concentration being found in the forest. The daily mean value of TSP and PM10 concentrations in the three samples all belonged to the ＂middle＂level. The daily mean value of PM2.5 concentration in the forest and on the edge of the forest belonged to the＂clean＂level. The daily mean value of PM2.5 concentration in the square belonged to the ＂middle＂level.（3） Degree of oxygen-rich air： the average daily degree of oxygen-rich air in the forest was the highest,and ranged from 20. 84% to 23. 20% . The edge of forest was second,and ranged from 20. 61% to 22. 73% ,thesquare was the lowest,and ranged from 20. 12% to 21. 91% .（4）The tension sense of mice was decreased,and the exploration and cognitive ability of mice were all significantly enhanced after the Ph. pubescens forest treatment.【Conclusion】Comparison of the forest margin and square in the summer bamboo forest indicated that the quality of the air environmental was better and more suitable for tourists to rest and relax.