手性磷酸在氮杂Diels-Alder反应中的应用

Application of Chiral Phosphoric Acid in Aza-Diels-Alder Reaction

氮杂Diels-Alder反应是构建六元含氮杂环的有效方法之一。近年来,手性磷酸作为一类高效、绿色的有机小分子催化剂,在不对称催化反应中的应用备受关注,例如Diels-Alder、傅克烷基化、曼尼希反应等。根据Diels-Alder反应的分类,分别从正常电子需求和反电子需求的氮杂Diels-Alder反应着手,综述了1,1＇-联二萘酚（BINOL）骨架及1,1＇-螺二氢茚-7,7＇-二酚（SPINOL）骨架的手性磷酸催化作用下,活泼双烯体与亚胺的正常电子需求氮杂Diels-Alder反应和氮杂双烯体与富电子烯烃的反电子需求氮杂Diels-Alder反应,并展望了手性磷酸在氮杂Diels-Alder反应中的应用前景,以期引起读者对该领域的兴趣与关注。

Aza-Diels-Alder reaction is one of the most effective way to construct a six-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring.In recent years,chiral phosphoric acid has attracted much attention as an efficient green organic small molecule catalyst for asymmetric reactions such as Diels-Alder reaction,Friedel-Crafts alkylation,Mannich reaction and so on. Based on the classification of Diels-Alder reaction,this work reviews the aza-Diels-Alder reaction of normal-electron demand and inverse-electron demand respectively,and reviews the enantio selective aza-Diels-Alder reaction catalyzed by chiral phosphoric acid of 1,1＇-binaphthol（ BINOL） backbone and 1,1＇-spirobiindane-7,7＇-diphenol（ SPINOL） backbone,for example,the normal-electron demand aza-Diels-Alder reaction of some active dienes with imine and inverse-electron demand aza-Diels-Alder reactions of aza-dienes with electron-rich olefins.The application prospects of chiral phosphoric acid in aza-Diels-Alder reaction are prospected in order to arouse readers＇ interest and attention in this field.