外来务工人员子女的城市适应:社会认同与他人接纳感的影响——基于杭州市的调查与分析

Urban Adaptation of Migrant Workers' Children:Influence of Social Identity and Sense of Acceptance——Based on the Investigation and Analysis in Hangzhou City

研究采用整体取样法对杭州市782名外来务工人员子女进行问卷调查。结果表明:杭州市外来务工人员子女的城市适应状况整体良好,且整体发展趋势随着在杭时间的增长,呈现城市适应状况越来越好的倾向;他人接纳感对外来务工人员子女的城市适应有显著预测作用;社会认同结构中的分类意识和城市情感归属对外来务工人员子女的城市适应具有影响;城市情感归属在他人接纳感和城市适应的关系中起着部分中介作用。促进外来务工人员子女的城市适应,一方面需要提高城市宽容度,消弭城乡分类意识;减少同伴群体的拒绝几率,增进外来务工人员子女同伴接纳体验。同时,外来务工人员子女需要主动融入城市文化,促进新环境的社会认同;重构生活经验,实现社会化和再社会化。

A total sample of 782 children of migrant workers in Hangzhou City is used to conduct a questionnaire survey. The result shows that： first, the urban adaptation of migrant workers＇ children is good on the whole and the overall development trend in urban adaptation tends to be better and better with the increasing time spent in Hangzhou City; second, the acceptance has remarkably impacted on urban adaptation of migrant workers＇ children; third, the consciousness of categorization and sense of urban emotional belonging among social identity have influence on the urban adaptation of migrant workers＇ children; fourth, the sense of urban emotional belonging works as an intermediary agent between sense of acceptance and urban adaptability. To promote the urban adaptation of migrant workers＇ children, we need to improve urban tolerance, eliminate the sense of urban and rural classification, reduce the rejection rate of peers, and enhance children＇s experience of peer acceptance. Meanwhile, migrant workers＇ children need to actively integrate into urban culture, enhance the social identity in the new environment, reconstruct their life experience, and achieve socialization and re-socialization.