ICU患者感染铜绿假单胞菌的耐药性分析

Drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in intensive care units

目的监测ICU铜绿假单胞菌的耐药性,更好地指导临床用药。方法收集本院2014年1月至2016年12月ICU送检的所有标本培养分离的铜绿假单胞菌并进行分析。结果共检出铜绿假单胞菌504株,占ICU检出所有病原菌第3位,约占14%。其中,2014年检出161株,2015年检出179株,2016年检出164株。耐药率由低到高前3位的抗生素分别是头孢哌酮/舒巴坦(13.9%)、头孢吡肟(29.4%)和哌拉西林/他唑巴坦(35.7%)。耐药率最高的抗生素为庆大霉素(57.7%)。耐药率大于50.0%的抗生素有头孢他啶、哌拉西林、美罗培南、庆大霉素和左氧氟沙星等。结论铜绿假单胞菌耐药率监测意义十分重要,可为临床合理使用抗生素提供依据和支持。

Objective To monitor the drug resistance of Pseudornonas aeruginosa in intensive care units （ICUs）, and provide guidance for better clinical use of antibacterial drugs. Methods The strains of Pseudo- rnonas aeruginosa isolated from all the clinical specimens from ICU patients from January 2014 to December 2016 were collected and analyzed. Results A total of 504 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were detected, ranking in the third place and accounting for 14% of all the pathogenic bacteria found in the specimens from ICUs. Among them, 161 strains were detected in 2014, 179 strains in 2015, while 164 strains were detected in 2016. The drug resistance rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to Cefoperazone/Sulbactam was the lowest （13.9%）, followed by that to Cefepime （29.4%） and Piperacillin/Tazobactam （35.7%） . The resistance rate to Gentamicin was the highest （57.7 %）, and those to Ceftazidime, Piperacillin, Meropenem, Gentami- cin and Levofloxacin were over 50.0%. Conclusion Monitoring of the drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is very important, which can provide theoretical evidence and suppor for clinical rational use of antibiotics.