河套灌区籽用葫芦终霜冻指标研究

Last Frost Index of Seed-calabash in Hetao Irrigation District

为了更好地开展籽用葫芦终霜冻气象服务,本研究选用籽用葫芦‘丰产一号’幼苗为试验材料,利用MSX-2F人工模拟霜箱系统模拟自然降温过程,通过测定幼苗的叶温,记录植株冻伤、冻死情况,结合荧光参数值,综合确定河套灌区籽用葫芦终霜冻指标。结果表明:(1)籽用葫芦幼苗全部冻死的最低温度≤-4℃;(2)籽用葫芦幼苗结冰点的范围为-0.2℃^-2.8℃,过冷却点的范围为-1.5℃^-4.5℃;(3)苗龄越大的籽用葫芦幼苗,耐受冻害的能力越强;(4)籽用葫芦幼苗轻霜冻地表温度指标为-1℃,重霜冻地表温度指标为-3℃。

The paper aims to better develop the meteorological service for last frost on seed-calabash, the authors chose seed-calabash variety‘Fengchan No.1＇as material, simulated the natural frost cooling process by using the MSX-2 F artificial frost box system, and detected the frostbite and death statistics by measuring leaf temperature with the thermocouple probe. Combining the changes in fluorescence, the authorspreliminarily established the meteorological index of last frost of seed-calabash. The results showed that：（1）the minimum temperature for seed-calabash seedlings＇ freeze to death was ≤-4℃;（2） the freezing point ofseed-calabash was in the range of-0.2℃--2.8℃, the super cooling point concentrated in the range of-1.5℃--4.5℃;（3） the seed-calabash with relatively large seedling age had a stronger cold-resistance;（4） the land surface temperature index of light frost and heavy frost on seed-calabash seedlings was -1℃ and-3℃,respectively.