气象因子对四川不同质地浅层土壤水分的关联分析

Meteorological Factors and Shallow Soil Moisture of Different Textures in Sichuan: Correlation Analysis

为了进一步预测和定量评估四川农作物区不同土壤质地类型下,气象要素对土壤水分的影响程度,利用土壤水分和气象资料,采用灰色关联度分析方法,探讨了气温、相对湿度、风速、地面温度、日照时数5个气象因子对10种不同质地类型浅层10 cm土壤水分影响情况。结果表明:各气象因子对不同质地类型的关联序不尽相同,湿度和风速对浅层土壤水分影响相对较大。无降水天气条件下,湿度和风速对砂土类和壤土类影响较大,而温度和地温对砂土类影响较小,日照对壤土类影响最小;湿度对粘土类影响最大,温度影响最小,地温次之。有降水天气条件下,湿度和风速对砂土类影响较大,气温和日照较小;各气象因子对壤土类影响各不相同,仅日照相对稳定;湿度和风速对粘土类影响最大,地温次之。因此,土壤水分的变化,应根据不同质地的类型和天气条件,找出与气象因子影响主要因素及影响程度,才能更好的掌握土壤水分变化规律,有效合理的利用土壤水分资源。

To further predict and quantitatively evaluate the impact of meteorological factors on soil moisture in different soil textures of crops area in Sichuan, based on the soil moisture and meteorological data, the authors discussed the effect of 5 meteorological factors on shallow soil moisture（10cm） of 10 different textures with grey correlation analysis. The results showed that： the grey correlation order of different meteorological factors was different, and wind speed and humidity had relatively great influence on shallow soil moisture;under the no rainfall weather condition, humidity and wind speed had great influence on sandy soil and loamsoil, while temperature and ground temperature had little influence on sandy soil, and sunshine had the leastinfluence on loam; humidity had the greatest influence on clay, with the least influence of temperature,followed by ground temperature; under rainfall weather condition, humidity and wind speed had great influenceon sandy soil, and the effects of temperature and sunshine duration on sandy soil were less; differentmeteorological factors had different effects on loam soil, only sunshine duration was relatively stable; theinfluence of temperature and sunshine duration on clay was relatively big, followed by ground temperature.Therefore, according to the different textures and weather conditions, finding out the main factors and thedegree of influence can better grasp the rules of soil moisture change, and effectively and rationally use the soil water resources.