肇庆市成人乙肝疫苗接种情况及影响因素分析

Prevalence and influencing factors of hepatitis B vaccination among adults in Zhaoqing

目的了解肇庆市成人接种乙肝疫苗情况及免疫状态,并分析其影响因素,为建立成人乙肝疫苗接种健康教育体系提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法抽取肇庆市539名成人进行面对面调查并采集静脉血,统一采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测HBs Ag、抗-HBs和抗-HBc。结果在539名成人中,有65.9%接种史不详;乙肝疫苗接种率为19.1%,其中落后地区、农村、≥40岁、小学及以下、农民和个人年收入≤5 000元者乙肝疫苗接种率较低,分别为11.6%、16.0%、11.3%、2.1%、8.4%和12.7%;抗-HBs阳性率为9.6%。结论肇庆市成人乙肝疫苗接种率和自身乙肝疫苗接种史知晓率、抗-HBs阳性率有待进一步提高,须加强乙肝疫苗接种知识宣传教育以提高接种意识和接种率。

Objective To study status of hepatitis B vaccination and immunity about adults in Zhaoqing and in order to provide scientific evidence for hepatitis B vaccination educational system. Methods Using stratified cluster sampling,539 adults were selected in zhaoqing for a questionnaire survey and serum sample with which unified examined ELSA of HBs Ag,Anti-HBs and Anti-HBc. Results 65. 9 per cent of the 539 adults did not know their hepatitis B vaccination history,the rate of hepatitis B vaccination was 19. 1%. The lagging regions and rural,aged between 24 and 59,education attainment below primary school,farmer and individual income ≤5000 per year were lower,11. 6%,16. 0%,11. 3%,2. 1%,8. 4% and12. 7%,respectively. The single positive rate of Anti-HBs was 9. 6%. Conclusions The hepatitis B vaccination and positive rate are low in Zhaoqing. Education about hepatitis B vaccination should be strength to improve vaccination consciousness and hepatitis B vaccination rate.