常山县2015年居民高血压患病现状及其危险因素研究

Study on the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension in residents of Changshan,2015

目的了解常山县18岁以上居民高血压的患病现状及其相关危险因素,同时为政府部门制定高血压的预防控制策略提供科学依据。方法运用多阶段分层随机整群抽样的方法,随机抽取14个乡镇18岁以上且居住满6个月以上的居民作为调查对象,共对2 064人进行问卷调查、体格检查及实验室检测,应用SPSS18.0软件进行统计分析。结果常山县18岁以上居民的高血压粗患病率为29.65%,标化患病率为27.15%,高血压的患病率随着年龄增高呈现上升趋势(χ2=343.54,P<0.05)。高龄、高血压家族遗传史、高BMI值、高血糖以及高血脂是高血压的危险因素,其OR值及95%CI分别为1.083(1.071~1.096)、3.354(2.485~4.526)、5.090(2.944~8.801)、1.716(1.167~2.520)和1.612(1.255~2.070)。结论常山县18岁以上人群高血压的患病率较高,需重点针对高血压危险因素,在全社会开展健康教育和健康促进,干预和纠正人们的不良行为,以遏制农村高血压流行的快速增长趋势。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and the related risk factors of hypertension among residents aged above 18 years in Changshan and provide scientific basis for strategies of prevention and control of hypertension for the government departments. Methods Two thousand and sixty-four residents aged above 18 and living in local areas for more than 6 months from fourteen towns were selected to conduct a inquiry including questionnaire,physical examination and laboratory test by using multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling method. The data were statistically analyzed by SPSS18. 0. Results The crude prevalence rate of hypertension was 29. 65% and the standardized one was 27. 15%,which increased with age（ χ2= 343.54,P 0. 05）. Advanced age,family history of hypertension,high BMI,hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia were the main risk factors of hypertension,the OR values were 1. 083（ 1. 071 ~ 1. 096）,3. 354（ 2. 485 ~ 4. 526）,5. 090（ 2. 944 ~ 8. 801）,1. 716（ 1. 167 ~2. 520） and1. 612（ 1. 255 ~ 2. 070）,respectively. Conclusion The hypertension＇s prevalence among residents aged above 18 years in Changshan county is considerably high. Health education and health promotion regarding the risk factors for hypertension should be intensified among the residents,moreover,rational life style and other intervention measures should be reinforced so as to hold back the quick increasing trend of hypertension in rural area of Changshan.