重庆市736所中小学直饮水设备滤芯更换及水卫生现状

Current situation on exchanges of filters and sanitary condition of directly drinking water in 736 schools in Chongqing

目的了解重庆市中小学校直饮水设备滤芯更换及直饮水卫生现状,为加强直饮水卫生监督管理,防止暴发流行介水性传染病提供相关依据。方法调查重庆市主城及非主城27区县辖区内736所学校2016年直饮水卫生管理现状。结果此次调查的736所中小学校中,88.5%(651/736)的学校有卫生许可批件;直饮水设备定期清洗消毒率为98.9%(728/736),直饮水设备定期更换滤芯率为99.2%(730/736),开展水质检测率仅为46.5%(342/736),在开展水质检测的学校中水质检测合格率为99.4%(340/342)。非主城区小学水质检测学校开展率、水质检测学校合格率两个指标方面低于非主城区中学(χ2=4.021、4.877,P均<0.05)。非主城区小学在水质检测学校开展率及水质检测学校合格率方面明显低于主城区小学(χ2=10.322,P<0.01)。非主城区中学在水质检测学校合格率方面低于主城区中学(χ2=4.01,P<0.05)。结论 2016年重庆市中小学直饮水卫生状况较2013年有明显改善,加强直饮水送检检查是今后工作重点,非主城区小学应成为今后重点检查对象。

Objective To investigate the current status of exchanges of filters and sanitary condition of directly drinking water in schools of Chongqing city,to provide scientific information for strengthening supervision and management of directly drinking water and prevention the outbreak of water-borne infectious disease in school. Methods A cross-sectional study on situations of directly drinking water was carried out in 736 schools located in 27 districts and counties of Chongqing city in2016. Results A total of 88. 5%（ 651/736） of administrator had health certificate in 736 schools,99. 2%（ 730/736） of schools exchanged the filters of drinking water equipment,98. 9%（ 728/736） of schools sterilized drinking water equipment regularly. Only 46. 5%（ 342/736） of schools monitored the sanitary condition of directly drinking water,and 93. 6%（ 320/342） of them met the standards of perfect directly drinking water. The ratio of test and qualification in primary school were lower than that secondary school in countryside as well as primary school in city respectively（ χ2= 4. 021,4. 877,10. 322,P 0. 05）. The qualification rate of directly drinking water in secondary school in countryside was lower than that in secondary school in city（ χ2= 4. 01,P 0. 05）. Conclusions The qualification of directly drinking water of primary school in Chongqing in 2016 significantly improved than that in 2013. It is the key to strengthen the inspection of direct drinking water in the future,and the primary school in the non main urban area should be the key object in the future.