从斯芬克斯因子理论的视角解读《拉维尔斯坦》的道德主题

An Analysis of Moral Theme in Ravelstein: Under the Theory of Sphinx Factor

《拉维尔斯坦》是美国著名犹太裔作家索尔·贝娄发表于2000年的小说。本研究借助文学伦理学中聂珍钊教授的斯芬克斯因子理论解读《拉维尔斯坦》,发现主人公拉维尔斯坦在其人生道路上做出了错误的伦理选择。他在其社会生活方面追求享受和放弃责任;在其私生活中坚持错误的婚姻观。这两个方面的错误选择造成了主人公的个人悲剧。与之相反,叙事者齐克在其人生旅途中做出了正确的伦理选择。在社会生活中坚持做一个真正的学者;在私生活中追求专一的婚姻。这两个方面的正确选择使得齐克虽历经挫折却最终修成正果;通过这两个人物不同的伦理选择及其结果,作家贝娄阐明了道德是人的健康存在和全面发展的基础的主题思想。

Ravelstein is a novel written by the famous Jewish American writer Saul Bellowand was published in 2000. An Interpretation of Ravelstein from the perspective of Professor Nie Zhenzhao's theory of Sphinx factor reveals that the protagonist Ravelstein makes wrong ethical choices in his journey of life. He peruses pleasure and abandons responsibility in social life and sticks to the wrong idea of marriage in his private life. The two wrong choices result in the tragedy of the protagonist. In contrast,Chick makes a right ethical choice in his journey of life. He never stops cultivating himself as a scholar in social life and devotes to his marriage single-minded in private life. Because of the two right choices,Chick manages to have a good life in spite of the ups and downs in his life. With the different ethical choices and results of the two characters,the author illustrates the theme that morality is the foundation for healthy existence and all-around development of human beings.