表皮生长因子受体在人头颈部鳞状细胞癌中的作用研究进展

Research progress on the role of epidermal growth factor receptor in human head and neck squamous cell carcinomas

头颈部鳞状细胞癌(head and neck squamous cell carcinoma,HNSCC)是常见的恶性肿瘤,恶性程度较高,患者常出现复发和转移。表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR)是重要的癌基因,在头颈鳞癌中广泛过表达,且与HNSCC患者的预后呈负相关,是重要的治疗靶点。但HNSCC中的EGFR靶向治疗效果却不如在非小细胞肺癌治疗中那么有效。近几年的研究发现,EGFR促进肿瘤细胞对治疗耐受的机制可能与其过表达、突变、单核苷酸多态性、入核和自噬有关。本文将就这几个方面进行综述,并探讨如何在HNSCC的治疗中更有效地利用EGFR这一靶点,为探索HNSCC的治疗策略提供新的方向。

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma （HNSCC） is a common malignant tumor with a relatively high degree of malignan- cy, which often induces recurrence and metastasis. Epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR） is an important oncogene that is overex- pressed in HNSCC and is negatively correlated with prognosis, making it an important therapeutic target. However, EGFR-targeted ther- apy for HNSCC is not as effective as it is for non-small cell lung cancer. Recent studies have found that EGFR can promote resistance of tumor cells to therapeutic agents via its overexpression, mutation, single nucleotide polymorphism, nuclear translocation, and induc- tion of autophagy. This article will review these aspects and discuss how to utilize EGFR more effectively in treating HNSCC, and also provide a new direction for exploring therapeutic strategies for HNSCC