鸭PMEL17基因多态性与羽色性状相关性研究

PMEL17 Gene Polymorphism and Its Association with Plumage Color in Duck

为了探讨PMEL17基因对鸭羽色遗传性状的影响,试验以樱桃谷鸭(父本)和凤头白羽鸭(母本)的杂交F1代个体为样本,对PMEL17基因外显子进行PCR扩增并直接测序,利用生物信息学软件进行多态性分析,并与羽色进行关联。结果表明:在PMEL17基因编码区发现5个多态位点1904(C/G)、1961(T/C)、2102(C/T)、2110(G/A)和2143(A/G)的碱基突变引起了氨基酸的变化。群体遗传学分析显示,1904(C/G)、2102(C/T)、2110(G/A)和2143(A/G)位点表现为中度多态(0.25<PIC<0.5),1961(T/C)位点表现为低度多态(PIC<0.25)。χ~2检验表明鸭F1代群体在1904(C/G)、1961(T/C)、2102(C/T)、2110(G/A)和2143(A/G)位点均达到Hardy-Weinberg平衡(P>0.05)。关联分析表明,PMEL17基因1904(C/G)、1961(T/C)和2143(A/G)位点基因型分布与鸭羽色具有显著或极显著差异(P<0.05或P<0.01),由此推测PMEL17基因与鸭羽色性状具有一定的关联性。研究结果为后期的育种工作提供了一定的理论基础。

In order to investigate the effect of PMEL17 gene on duck plumage color genetic traits, the F1 hybrids of Cherry Valley duck（d）and Crested White duck （♀）were used to amplify and sequence the exons of PMEL17 gene, using hioinformatics software for polymorphism analysis and associating with plumage color traits. The results showed that five polymorphie sites 1904 （C/G）, 1961 （T/C）, 2102 （C/T）, 2110 （G/A） and 2143 （A/G）were found in PMELI7 gene coding region, which mutations cause changes in amino acids. Population genetic analysis showed that there were moderate polymorphisms at 1904 （C/T）, 2102 （C/T）, 2110 （G/A） and showed low polymorphism at 2143 （A/G）, 1961 （T/C）locus （PIC〈0.25）. The χ2 tests showed that the locus of 1904 （C/G）, 1961 （T/C）, 2102 （C/T）, 2110 （G/A）and 2143 （A/G）were all in the status of Hardy-Weinherg equilibrium （P〉0.05）. Correlation analysis showed that the geuotype distributions of PMEL17 gene at 1904 （C/G）, 1961 （T/C）and 2143 （A/G）sites were significantly or very significantly different in three kinds of plumage color groups （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. It was suggested that PMEL17 gene had some correlation with duck plumage traits. This provided a certain theoretical basis for later breeding work.