鸡源戊糖片球菌和屎肠球菌对氨处理效果的研究

Effect of Pediococcus pentosaceus and Enterococcus faecium Isolated from Chicken on Ammonia Treatment

试验旨在为研究鸡源戊糖片球菌和屎肠球菌对氨氮处理的效果。体外试验将戊糖片球菌和屎肠球菌以10~7cfu/m L分别添加到以硫酸铵为唯一氮源的培养基中,以含氮培养基为对照,测定12~48 h培养液中的氨含量;体内试验将戊糖片球菌和屎肠球菌以109cfu/kg分别添加到基础日粮中,以基础日粮为对照,饲喂7日龄SPF鸡,测定血浆中氨、尿素氮和尿酸含量,检测盲肠中p H值、乳酸菌、大肠杆菌浓度以及氨气排放量。结果显示:与未添加两种细菌的对照组相比,戊糖片球菌和屎肠球菌能显著降低菌液氨离子浓度、氨气排放量、血氨浓度、盲肠p H值和大肠杆菌浓度(P<0.05),提高盲肠乳酸菌浓度(P<0.05);与屎肠球菌相比,戊糖片球菌能显著降低12 h菌液氨离子浓度、24 d时氨气排放量、血氨浓度和大肠杆菌浓度(P<0.05)。研究表明戊糖片球菌具有较好的降氨效果,是理想的降氨除氮菌株。

The purpose of this study was to study the effect of Pediococcus pentosaceus on ammonia treatment. In vitro experiment, P. pentosaceus and Enterococcus faecium at 10^ 7cfu/mL were added to the medium with ammonium sulfate as the only nitrogen source with nitrogen medium as the control, ammonia contents were detected at 12 to 48 h. In vivo experiment, P. pentosaceus and E. faecium were respectively added to the basal diet at 10^9 cfu/kg and fed 7-day-age SPF chickens, the control group was fed with the basal diet. The contents of ammonia, urea nitrogen and uric acid in plasma were measured, pH value, the concentrations of Lactobacillus and Escherichia coli in cecum and ammonia emission were detected. Compared with the control group without two bacteria, P.pentosaceus and E.faecium significantly reduced ammonia concentration in medium, ammonia emission, plasma ammonia concentration, pH value and E. coil concentration in cecum （P〈0.05）, and increased the concentration of lactic acid bacteria in cecum （P〈0.05）. Compared with E. faecium, P. pentosaceus significantly reduced ammonia concentration in medium at 12 h, ammonia emission, plasma ammonia concentration and E. coli concentration at 24 d （P〈0.05）. It was concluded that P. pentosaceus showed better effect of reducing ammonia and was an ideal ammonia removal strain.