跨学科研究生教育培养模式创新——以能力和身份认同为核心

Innovation of Training Models in Interdisciplinary Postgraduate Education:Focused on Competence and Identity

研究生教育是世界一流大学和一流学科的重要载体,对跨学科模式的探讨是研究生创新型人才培养的重要方向。提升研究生跨学科能力的路径,一是在跨学科课程与教学上,采用基于问题解决的学习方式,创建跨学科学习社群,支持跨学科实践活动;二是在跨学科合作项目上,将以创建跨学科研究机构为核心的理念转变为以跨学科研究生为纽带组建项目和导师团队的理念;三是在跨学科研究生指导上,确立教师和学生的跨学科身份认同,采用多元灵活的评价方式。跨学科研究生教育的三种路径,以提升高阶能力和确立身份认同为核心,有助于推进高水平跨学科研究的开展。

The transformation of postgraduate education and training is crucial to improve graduate students＇ interdisciplinary research capacity. The goals of interdisciplinary postgraduate education can be reached through interdisciplinary teaching and learning,interdisciplinary collaborative research projects and interdisciplinary postgraduate supervision. Some suggestions are offered for improving the practice of interdisciplinary graduate education in China： 1） adopting PBL method in interdisciplinary curriculum design and implementation,building interdisciplinary learning communities and supporting interdisciplinary creative practices,which are beneficial to develop higher-order cognition,and to construct and apply knowledge; 2） changing the idea from focus on interdisciplinary infrastructure to interdisciplinary collaborative research projects and team building which based on interdisciplinary graduate students training; 3） selecting potential students and enhancing advisors＇ competence of interdisciplinary guidance,as well as building their interdisciplinary identity,are the emphasis of training,which requires diverse and more flexible approaches for evaluating the interdisciplinary research achievements and the quality of graduates.