贫困山区农民专业合作社空间分布特征及影响因素探究——以左权县清漳河流域四乡镇为例

Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Farmers Cooperatives in Poor Mountainous Areas: A Case Study

为分析贫困山区小流域农民专业合作社空间分布规律并探究其主导影响因素,对研究区4个乡镇204个农民专业合作社进行业态分类,在分类的基础上利用Arc GIS 10.0软件的空间分析工具分析各类合作社空间分布规律,并运用地理探测器模型对其分布主导因素进行探究。清漳河流域农民专业合作社主要分为林业、种植业、养殖业、种养业和服务业5种类型。合作社规模方面,以林业类核桃种植的农民专业合作社最多,分布广泛。影响因素方面,林业类主导因素为农村林地面积,决定力q值0.316;种植业类主导因素为农村耕地面积,q值0.222;养殖业、服务业类主导因素为农村居民区域面积,q值分别为0.268、0.273;种养业类主导因素为乡村路网,q值为0.258。研究认为,贫困山区小流域农民专业合作社规模呈现小型化、初级化;在空间分布中呈现一定的规律性,存在地域分异现象,影响农民专业合作社地域分异的主导因素存在差异。

The spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of farmers specialized cooperatives in small watershed of poor mountainous area are analyzed. 204 farmers cooperatives in four townships of Qingzhang river in Zuoquan County were classified according to the industry status. On the basis of classification, the distribution regularity of all kinds of cooperatives were analyzed using spatial analyst tool ofArc GIS 10.0 software, the dominant factors of distribution were explored using geo-detector model. Farmersspecialized cooperatives in Qingzhang river were mainly divided into five types of forestry, farming, breeding,planting and breeding, and service. In terms of scale, farmers cooperatives of forestry type walnut planting weremost widely distributed. In respect of influencing factors, the dominant factor of forestry type was the area ofrural forest land, with the determining factor q value of 0.316; the dominant factor of farming type was the areaof rural cultivated land, with the determining factor q value of 0.222; the dominant factor of breeding type andservice type was the area of rural residential area, with the determining factor q value of 0.268 and 0.273,respectively; the dominant factor of planting and breeding type was the rural road network, with thedetermining factor q value of 0.258. In conclusion, the scales of farmers specialized cooperatives in small watershed of poor mountainous area are small and primary. The spatial distribution of the five types ofcooperatives shows certain regularity, and has regional differentiation. There must be differences in the dominant factors affecting the regional differentiation of farmers specialized cooperatives.