石灰岩贫困山区农户土地利用转型影响因素研究

Influencing Factors on Transformation of Peasant Households' Land Use in Impoverished Limestone Mountainous Areas

石灰岩山区因土地利用存在可用面积少和可利用方式有限等诸多问题,容易导致农村贫困问题产生,研究石灰岩贫困山区影响农户土地利用转型的因素,探讨与现代农业发展相适应的土地利用模式有助于缓解石灰岩贫困山区的贫困问题。笔者基于广西壮族自治区环江毛南族自治县洛阳镇的问卷调查数据,运用二值选择Logit模型从农户土地利用结构、土地利用权属和土地利用方式3个方面着手,系统分析现阶段影响农户土地利用转型的因素。研究结果表明:政府的土地承包政策依然是影响农户土地利用转型的主要因素;而农户自身的家庭类型、个人特征、资源禀赋、经济因素则分别通过农户不同方面的土地利用转型需求影响农户的土地利用行为。当地政府应以农村土地"三权分置"政策为基本原则,根据石灰岩山区的特殊背景,从差异化修正完善农村土地承包政策、健全农村土地流转市场等方面合理引导农户土地利用行为,提高土地利用效率,实现土地资源的可持续利用。

Due to the insufficiency of usable area and limited usable modes of land use in limestone mountainous areas, the problem of rural poverty takes shape easily. The paper researched influential factors on transformation of peasant households＇ land use in impoverished limestone mountainous areas and discussed land use modes suitable for modern agriculture development. Based on questionnaire data of Luoyang Town inHuanjiang Maonan Autonomous County of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, we carried out a systematic analysis of current influential factors on transformation of peasant households＇ land use by a binary selection Logit model from three perspectives including land use structure, land use ownership and land use mode of peasant households. Research results showed that the governmental strategy of land contract was still the majorfactor influencing transformation of peasant households＇ land use; family type, personal characteristics,resource endowment and economic factors of peasant households influenced their land use based on theirdemands for land use transformation in different aspects. The local government should adhere to the basicprinciples of rural land＂three-power distribution＂policy and give rational guidance of land use to peasant households through differential modes of modification and perfection of rural land contract policies, and improvement of rural land circulation markets, as well as other approaches concerning specific backgrounds of the limestone mountainous areas. In this way, land use efficiency can be increased, and land resources can be utilized in a more sustainable manner.