福利与意识形态视角下的中国农村福利发展研究

A Study on the Development of Rural Welfare in China from the Perspective of Welfare and Ideology

围绕福利的权利、分配、拥有需要等话题社会福利模式的形成在某种程度上与意识形态息息相关。中国农村福利是一种有别于西方、东亚福利体系的基于本土福利问题研究的体系。在福利发展变迁的文化元素、经济元素、社会元素、政治元素和制度元素等五大驱动力下,中国农村福利发展经历了以灾荒救济为主传统福利、以传教士、国民政府和知识分子为主近代福利探索、以救灾救济和贫困救助为主要任务的计划经济时期以及各种社会福利的重建与探索的市场经济时期。伴随着农村公民权利意识的不断觉醒,农村福利在朝制度型和普惠型的方向转变,呈现出一种新集体主义的的趋势。

The formation of social welfare patterns, such as rights, distribution, ownership and needs is closely related to ideology.The rural welfare in China is not only a system based on the study of local welfare issues but also different from the welfare system of the West and East Asia.Under the five driving forces of welfare development and changes, such as cultural elements, economic elements, social elements, political elements and institutional elements, The development of rural welfare in China has experienced the traditional welfare based on the relief of famine,the exploration of modern welfare based on missionaries, national government and intellectuals,a planned economic period with relief relief and poverty relief as the main task and the market economy period of the reconstruction and exploration of various social welfare.With the constant awakening of the consciousness of the rights of the citizens in the countryside,the rural welfare is changing in the direction of institutional and universal-type, which presents a new trend of new-collectivism.