月亮山地区苗族鼓藏节的文化调查

The Cultural Investigation on Guzang Festival of Miao People in Yueliang Mountain Area

基于贵州省从江县月亮山区加勉乡的田野调查,再现"登麦"支系龙氏宗族间隔30年举办持续三年的鼓藏节仪式。该节日以祛病除厄为目的,由蛋卜和造鼓仪式、宗族祭祖和归魂仪式及立耶规、椎猪和送鼓仪式等巫术性质浓厚的重要仪式和若干次要仪式组成。通过鼓藏节的举办,"登麦"苗人建立了临时性、宗族性的仪式领导组织,表达了对祖先的群体性哀思,实现了宗族内部的礼物流动,宣泄了生活中被压抑的情绪。同时,这一鼓藏节也展示了苗族保存完好、形式各异的祭祀文化。

Based on the field investigation in the Jiamian town locating in the Congjiang county of Guizhou province,the present study revealed the ritual of Guzang festival of the branch of Dengmai-Long clan. Guzang festival is held every 30 years and lasts totally three years. With the purpose of improving people＇s health,Guzang festival consists of such important rituals as Danbo,Drum Making and ancestor worship and so on. Through the Guzang festival,the Miao people of Dengmai has built temporary organization in changing of clan＇s ritual to express their grief to ancestors,which also make the gift-exchanging in the groups of clan and help them release their stress in daily life. Furthermore,Guzang festival also presents the worship culture with different patterns which is preserved completely.