贵州典型峰丛洼地区域近50年村落演变规律及驱动机制

The evolution rules and the driving mechanisms behind rural settlement in the peak-cluster depressions of Guizhou Province,China,over the past 50 years

揭示当前多种因素驱动下聚落演变模式与功能转型的地域差异具有重要意义。通过长时间序列的高清影像数据,研究典型峰丛洼地区不同自然和社会经济条件下,近50年来,尤其最近10年乡村聚落在多重背景下的演变模式、内在机制,及其地域差异。结果发现:(1)研究区聚落分布分部主要受耕地、地形和道路的影响,聚落面积增长热点和聚落斑块增长热点的耦合关系存在区域差异;(2)聚落格局演变存在集聚与均匀分布两种趋势;(3)研究区聚落特征和演变的阶段性地域差异十分明显;(4)喀斯特山区聚落的规模变化、演变阶段和演变模式既存在一些共同性的特征,又有各自的差异性;(5)外部因素和聚落农户的自我调适是演化的主要驱动力。

It is important to identify the regional differences of the evolution model and the functional transformation of rural settlement driven by various influenced factors. This study explores the evolution model, the internal mechanism, and their regional differences of rural settlement driven by multiple backgrounds in typical peak-cluster depressions under different natural and social economic conditions over the past 50 years, especially the last 10 years. This was achieved by using high resolution remote sensing data from a long time series. The research result are as follows：（1）the distribution of rural settlement is influenced by the cropland, terrain, and roads, and there are regional differences in the coupling relationship between the increased areas of rural settlement hotspots and increased rural settlement patches; （2） there are agglomeration and uniform distribution trends in the evolution of the rural settlement pattern; （3） the regional differences of rural settlement characteristics and evolution stages in the study area are very clear; （4） the scale change, evolution stage, and evolution model of rural settlements in peak-cluster depression areas have some common features and some individual differences; and （5） the main driving forces behind evolution are the external factors and self-adjustment by the settlement farmers.