中国煤炭资源利用全要素生产率的区域差异研究

Research on Regional Differences of Coal Resources Utilization Total Factor Productivity in China

首先基于考虑环境因素的Malmquist-luenberger（ML）指数测算了2011-2014年中国其中30个省份煤炭利用全要素生产率（TFP）的变化情况，并应用Tobit模型分析了影响煤炭利用全要素生产率的因素．研究表明，中国总体煤炭利用TFP增长率呈现递增趋势，但各个省份煤炭利用TFP增长率存在较大差异，忽视环境因素高估了煤炭利用TFP的增长率，技术进步是推动煤炭TFP增长的主要因素．另外，环境规制、产业结构与煤炭利用TFP显著负相关；研发投入、人均GDP、对外直接投资（FDI）与煤炭利用TFP显著正相关．

This study measured the coal utilization total factor productivity （TFP） of 30 provinces in China from 2011 to 2014 based on Malmquist-Luenberger （ML） index considering environmental factors. Then, a Tobit regression model was employed to explore the factors that influence coal utilization total factor productivity. The results showed that China＇s overall coal utilization TFP growth increased. But there existed huge regional disparities of coal utilization TFP in China. The true coal utilization TFP growth in China will be overestimated if undesirable outputs are ignored. And technical changes were the main contributor to coal utilization total factor productivity growth. In addition, environmental regulation and industrial structure were significantly negative effects on the coal utilization TFP, while research, real per capita gross domestic product （GDP） and foreign direct investment （FDI） were strongly positive effects on the productivity of coal utilization TFP