以生物防治为主的综合控制我国重大林木病虫害研究进展

Research Advances of Chinese Major Forest Pests by Integrated Management Based on Biological Control

林业在国家生态文明建设中具有重要的地位,但森林病虫害严重威胁森林健康生长,影响林业的发展。如何保护好我国森林资源、充分发挥森林的生态效益和功能?作者提出的"以生物防治为主的综合治理"方针和策略是我国森林病虫害防治的科学之路,可以在保护环境、不污染环境和保护生物多样性的前提下,有效控制森林病虫害,促进林木健康生长。国家林业局采纳和实施了这项方针和策略,这对我国林业和生态环境建设具有重要意义。几十年来,中国林业科学院森林生态环境与保护研究所生物防治学科组针对严重危害我国森林的外来入侵病虫害和我国本土病虫害,研究以生物防治为主、辅以其他无公害控制技术,成功解决了这些病虫害的防治问题,包括下述10种重大森林病虫害:美国白蛾,红脂大小蠹,栗山天牛,松褐天牛(松材线虫),云斑天牛,锈色粒肩天牛,光肩星天牛,白蜡窄吉丁,苹小吉丁和杨十斑吉丁。

Forestry has an important position in the construction of national cological civilization. However, forest pests give great threat on forest health and development of forestry. How to effectively protect forest resourse and played an important role in ecological benefit and feature？ The Authors for this proposed the strategy： Integrated pest management based on biological control. It is a scientific way for Chinese forest pest control. By this strategic direction, the forest pests could be put under control on the condition of environmental friendship and protection of biodiversity. The China state Forestry Administration has accepted the strategy extended the idea nationallly and it has a great significant in forestry development and the constraction of China national construction on ecological vivilization. In recent decades, the biocontrol research group of the Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, has paid attention on researches of control techniques for ten major forest pests in China by integrated management based on biological control and other nonpollution techniques, and successfully solved the control problems with pollution-free techniques. The ten major pests as follows： Hyphantria cunea（Drury）（Lepidoptera, Arctiidae）, Dendroctonus valence Le Conte（Coleoptera, Scolytidae）, Massicus raddei（Blessig）（Coleoptera, Cerambycidae）, Monochamus alternatus Hope（Coleoptera, Cerambycidae）, Batocera lineolata Chevrolat（Coleoptera, Cerambycidae）, Apriona swainsoni Hope（Coleoptera, Cerambycidae）, Anoplophora glabripennis（Motchulsky）（Coleoptera, Cerambycidae）, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire（Coleoptera, Buprestidae）, Agrilus mali Matsumura（Coleoptera, Buprestidae） and Melanophila picta Pallas（Coleoptera, Buprestidae）.