薄荷茎、叶中黄酮类成分在不同采收期的含量差异性研究

Study on difference of flavonoids content in stems and leaves of Mentha Haplocalycis Herba in different harvest periods

为考察不同采收期薄荷茎、叶中有效成分的动态变化规律,探讨薄荷药材的适宜采收期,该研究以橙皮苷、香叶木苷、香蜂草苷、蒙花苷为黄酮类指标性成分,采用已建立的薄荷中黄酮类成分含量一测多评法,测定了3个产地不同采收期的薄荷中4种黄酮苷类成分分别在茎、叶样品中的含量,并运用统计图和主成分分析法对这些数据进行统计整理和综合评价。这4种成分在3个产地不同采收期的薄荷叶中的含量普遍高于茎,而同一产地不同采收期薄荷中各成分含量呈动态变化;就江苏产区而言,4月中旬、9月中旬以及10月下旬采收的薄荷中4种成分综合评价得分较高。结合药材产量与有效成分含量,江苏产区薄荷最适合的采收期应为9月中旬与10月下旬,与当地传统采收期基本一致。

The dynamic changes of active components in stems and leaves of Mentha Haplocalycis Herba（ mint） at different harvest periods were investigated,and the optimum harvest time of mint was explored. In this study,hesperidin,diosmin,didymin and buddleoside were selected as flavonoids index components of mint,and the QAMS method was established to measure the contents of these flavonoids in mint. The contents of 4 flavonoid glycosides in the mint stems and leaves from three habitats harvested in different time were studied and evaluated comprehensively using statistical analysis and principal component analysis（ PCA）. The results showed that the contents of 4 components in the leaves are higher than that in the stems despite of habitats and harvest time,and they all exhibited dynamic changes along with the harvest periods within the same habitat. Three harvest periods in mid April,mid September and late October scored higher in comprehensive evaluation in Jiangsu region,the genuine producing area of Mentha Haplocalycis Herba. Combined with the yield and contents of active compounds,the optimum harvest time of mint in Jiangsu region was mid September and late October,which is basically consistent with the traditional harvesting periods.