晚期结直肠癌伴随诊断研究进展

Research Progress in companion diagnostics of advanced colorectal cancer

我国结直肠癌发病率和死亡率呈逐年上升趋势。目前,结直肠癌主要检测方法有直接测序法(Sanger测序和焦磷酸测序)、等位基因特异性PCR、高分辨率溶解曲线、下一代测序等,生物标志物有KRAS,BRAF,HER2和PIK3CA等,微卫星的稳定性也是结直肠癌的检测指标。液体活检等新检测方法的出现和应用为今后结直肠癌的研究提供新方法的同时也带来了挑战。

The incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer in China is increasing yearly. At present,the primary detection methods of colorectal cancer are direct sequencing（Sanger sequencing and pyrosequencing）, allele-specific PCR, high-resolution melting, next generation sequencing, etc. The biomarkers are KRAS,BRAF,HER2 and PIK3 CA,etc.The stability of microsatellites is also a detection index of colorectal cancer. The emergence and application of liquid biopsy and other new detection methods provides new was for the study of colorectal cancer brings challenge.